Titled Optimizing Energy Efficiency with PCM Integration in Portuguese Residences (3D-EE.Struct), the project focuses on incorporating phase change materials (PCMs) into building components, such as walls, ceilings and floors, to improve thermal regulation and reduce energy use, according to a statement from FCTUC released on 30 July.

These innovative materials work like thermal batteries by naturally regulating indoor temperatures. They store heat during the day and release it when needed, decreasing reliance on mechanical heating and cooling systems, explained Ajitanshu Vedrtnam, a researcher at the Association for the Development of Industrial Aerodynamics (ADAI) at FCTUC.

“The 3D-EE-Struct project focuses especially on lightweight construction structures adapted to Portugal’s climate,” Vedrtnam said. “Its main goals include lowering household energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions, developing practical and proven strategies for PCM integration in new builds and refurbishments, and optimising PCM placement and selection.”

The project also aims to improve thermal comfort while significantly lowering energy bills.

Nelson Soares, professor in the Department of Mechanical Engineering at FCTUC and ADAI researcher, stated that the project hopes to achieve “up to 25% energy savings in heating and cooling needs in small homes.”

The team also plans to test simulation models in a real flat in Coimbra, support climate-adapted and affordable housing solutions, and provide scientific tools and building strategies to aid future research and commercial development in sustainable construction.

The project, coordinated by the University of Coimbra with collaborators from Portugal, the US, Slovakia, and India, received roughly €173,000 through a Marie Skłodowska-Curie Postdoctoral Fellowship under the Horizon Europe programme.