States would maintain control over existing maritime borders, resolving uncertainty surrounding their legal status. The agreement echoes an International Court of Justice ruling affirming the sovereign rights of low-lying nations.

The declaration marks the first time world leaders have collectively endorsed protections for states threatened by sea-level rise. Palau President Surangel Whipps Jr. welcomed the agreement, stressing that rising seas threaten communities and ways of life but not their legal rights or standing as states.

The declaration establishes international recognition of continued sovereignty despite potential territorial loss.

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